Can you legally put a GPS tracker on your work trucks? For the vehicles your company owns, the answer is yes in every state. The rules get more specific when a vehicle belongs to someone else, such as an employee's personal vehicle, and a handful of states add a notice or consent step even for company-owned vehicles. This map shows where each state stands.
There is no single federal law that governs private GPS tracking. The Supreme Court decision in United States v. Jones (2012) requires a warrant for law enforcement, but it does not apply to a private business tracking its own assets. Across all fifty states, the consistent rule is that you may track a vehicle you own or lease. What varies is whether a state has a specific tracking-device statute, whether it handles tracking through its stalking laws, and whether it requires you to notify or get consent from employees who drive company vehicles.
Commercial carriers should also keep the federal Electronic Logging Device (ELD) mandate in mind, which is separate from the state tracking laws below.
Hover over any state for a quick summary. Click a state, or use the A to Z index, to jump to the full details and the governing statute.
Alabama AL
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: Ala. Code § 13A-11-32 (criminal surveillance); general stalking law
Alabama has no statute that specifically addresses GPS tracking. Tracking company vehicles for legitimate business use is permitted. The criminal surveillance law can apply to covert surveillance in private places, and placing a device on a vehicle you do not own may implicate stalking or harassment law.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet freely. Do not place a device on a vehicle you do not own without consent.
Alaska AK
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Alaska Stat. § 11.41.270(h) (stalking)
Alaska addresses location tracking through its stalking statute, where following or monitoring a person with a GPS or similar device can constitute stalking. Tracking your own vehicles for business is permitted. Only law enforcement with a warrant may track individuals without consent.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track owned vehicles. Get consent before tracking any vehicle you do not own.
Arizona AZ
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-2923 (stalking)
Arizona's stalking statute makes it unlawful to use an electronic, digital, or GPS device to surveil a specific person for twelve hours or more, or on two or more occasions, without authorization. Tracking company-owned vehicles for legitimate purposes is allowed.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles for business use. Avoid covert tracking of any person.
Arkansas AR
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General stalking statute (Ark. Code § 5-71-229)
Arkansas has no GPS-specific statute and relies on its general stalking and harassment laws. Tracking vehicles you own is permitted. Placing a device on a vehicle you do not own without consent can trigger stalking law.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
California CA
Employee notice or consent requiredPrimary statute: Cal. Penal Code § 637.7; California Consumer Privacy Act
California Penal Code 637.7 prohibits using an electronic tracking device to determine a person's location without consent, but exempts the vehicle's owner, lessor, or lessee, so a company may track vehicles it owns. Separately, the California Consumer Privacy Act requires employers to disclose tracking to employees, and privacy law discourages tracking outside of work hours.
Fleet owner takeaway: Disclose tracking in writing. Keep it to company vehicles and working hours.
Colorado CO
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: C.R.S. § 18-3-602 (stalking, 'Vonnie's Law')
Colorado has no GPS-specific statute, but Vonnie's Law makes electronic surveillance of a person's movements that causes serious emotional distress a crime. Company-vehicle tracking for business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles for documented business reasons. Inform your drivers.
Connecticut CT
Employee notice or consent requiredPrimary statute: Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-181f (electronic stalking); § 31-48d (monitoring notice)
Connecticut's electronic stalking statute criminalizes repeatedly using GPS to make someone fear for their safety. Separately, Connecticut's Electronic Monitoring Act requires employers to give written notice before monitoring employees.
Fleet owner takeaway: Give employees advance written notice of electronic monitoring.
Delaware DE
Employee notice or consent requiredPrimary statute: 11 Del. C. § 1335 (tracking device); 19 Del. C. § 705 (monitoring notice)
Delaware makes it a misdemeanor to install a tracking device on a motor vehicle without the consent of the registered owner, lessor, or lessee, so a company may track vehicles it owns or leases. Delaware also requires employers to give prior notice of electronic monitoring.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track owned or leased vehicles. Give drivers written notice of monitoring.
District of Columbia DC
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: D.C. Code § 22-3132 (stalking)
The District of Columbia's stalking statute covers a course of conduct that monitors or surveils a person, including by GPS. Tracking company vehicles for business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Consent is required to track a vehicle you do not own.
Florida FL
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Fla. Stat. § 934.425
Florida makes it unlawful to install a tracking device on another person's property without consent, with exceptions including legitimate business use and the vehicle's owner. A company may track vehicles it owns.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent before tracking a vehicle you do not own.
Georgia GA
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General stalking statute (O.C.G.A. § 16-5-90)
Georgia has no statute specifically addressing GPS tracking and relies on general privacy and stalking law. Tracking company vehicles for legitimate business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
Hawaii HI
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Haw. Rev. Stat. §§ 803-41, 803-42
Hawaii prohibits the intentional use of a mobile tracking device without a warrant or the consent of the person tracked, with an exception for the vehicle owner. A company may track vehicles it owns.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Obtain consent for vehicles you do not own.
Idaho ID
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: Idaho Code § 18-6702 (interception); general stalking law
Idaho's electronic-interception statute addresses intercepting communications and does not specifically govern GPS location tracking. Tracking vehicles you own is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet. Get consent before tracking a vehicle you do not own.
Illinois IL
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: 720 ILCS 5/21-2.5; 720 ILCS 5/12-7.3 (stalking)
Illinois prohibits using an electronic tracking device to determine the location or movement of a person, and references tracking in its stalking statute, with an exception for the vehicle owner. A company may track vehicles it owns.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
Indiana IN
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General stalking statute (Ind. Code § 35-45-10-5)
Indiana has no specific employer GPS statute, so tracking a vehicle you own for business is permitted. Placing a tracker on a vehicle you do not own without the owner's consent is unlawful.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet. Get the owner's consent for any other vehicle.
Iowa IA
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Iowa Code § 708.11A
Iowa criminalizes placing a GPS device on a person or property to track movements without a legitimate purpose or consent, and treats legitimate business use as permitted. A company may track its own vehicles.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles for documented business use. Get consent for personal vehicles.
Kansas KS
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Kan. Stat. § 21-5427 (stalking)
Kansas has no standalone GPS statute; its stalking law covers using electronic devices to track someone in a way that causes fear. Business tracking of company vehicles is generally allowed.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Avoid tracking personal vehicles or off-duty hours.
Kentucky KY
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Ky. Rev. Stat. § 508.152
Kentucky makes it illegal to install a tracking device on a vehicle without the consent of the owner or authorized operator. A company may track vehicles it owns.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for an employee's personal vehicle.
Louisiana LA
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: La. Rev. Stat. § 14:323
Louisiana prohibits using a tracking device to determine another person's location without consent, with an owner exception. A company may track its own vehicles.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Avoid tracking employees off the clock.
Maine ME
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 17-A § 210-A (stalking)
Maine addresses tracking through its stalking statute, which covers following, tracking, or surveilling a person. Tracking company vehicles for legitimate business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Consent is needed for vehicles you do not own.
Maryland MD
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Md. Code, Crim. Law § 3-802 (stalking)
Maryland's stalking statute includes using a device to track another person's location without consent. Company-vehicle tracking for business is generally allowed.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
Massachusetts MA
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 265 § 43 (stalking)
Massachusetts has no GPS-specific statute; tracking is addressed through its stalking and harassment law. A company may track vehicles it owns.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Obtain consent before tracking a vehicle you do not own.
Michigan MI
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.539l
Michigan prohibits placing a tracking device on a motor vehicle without consent, with an owner and lessee exception. A company may track vehicles it owns or leases.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track owned or leased vehicles. Get consent for an employee's personal vehicle.
Minnesota MN
Employee notice or consent requiredPrimary statute: Minn. Stat. § 626A.35
Minnesota generally prohibits using a mobile tracking device without a court order, with limited exceptions. In practice employers track company-owned vehicles, but written consent is the safe course given the statute's broad wording.
Fleet owner takeaway: Get written consent from drivers. Track only company assets.
Mississippi MS
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: General stalking statute (Miss. Code § 97-3-107)
Mississippi addresses tracking through its stalking law, which covers using an electronic tracking device to monitor a person in a way that causes fear. Tracking company vehicles for business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Consent is required for vehicles you do not own.
Missouri MO
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General stalking statute (Mo. Rev. Stat. § 565.225)
Missouri has no GPS-specific statute. Tracking a vehicle you own is permitted, and consent from the titled owner or lessee is what governs. Placing a device on a vehicle you do not own without consent can trigger stalking law.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet. Get consent for any vehicle you do not own.
Montana MT
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: Mont. Code § 45-8-213; general stalking law
Montana regulates GPS mainly through warrant requirements for law enforcement and has no broad ban on private business tracking. Tracking company vehicles is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent before tracking a vehicle you do not own.
Nebraska NE
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General stalking statute (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 28-311.02)
Nebraska addresses tracking primarily through law-enforcement warrant procedures and has no specific private-tracking ban. Tracking company vehicles for business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Consent is required to track a vehicle you do not own.
Nevada NV
Employee notice or consent requiredPrimary statute: Nev. Rev. Stat. (A.B. 356, 2023)
Nevada's Assembly Bill 356 makes it unlawful to place an electronic tracking device on a vehicle to determine its location without consent, and several readings apply this to company vehicles. Obtain clear, informed consent from drivers before tracking.
Fleet owner takeaway: Get explicit driver consent before tracking, even on company vehicles.
New Hampshire NH
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: N.H. Rev. Stat. § 644-A:4
New Hampshire prohibits placing an electronic device on the person or property of another to obtain location information without consent, with an exception for vehicles you own or lease. Track your own vehicles.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track owned or leased vehicles. Get consent for others.
New Jersey NJ
Employee notice or consent requiredPrimary statute: N.J. Stat. § 34:6B-22 (2022 employer notice law)
New Jersey law requires employers to give written notice before using a tracking device in any vehicle an employee operates, including company-owned vehicles. This is one of the clearest mandatory-notice requirements in the country.
Fleet owner takeaway: Written notice to employees is mandatory before tracking begins.
New Mexico NM
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: N.M. Stat. § 30-3A-3 (stalking)
New Mexico has no GPS-specific statute and treats abusive tracking under its stalking law. Company-vehicle tracking for legitimate business is permitted, and secret tracking of a person can count as harassment.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
New York NY
Employee notice or consent requiredPrimary statute: N.Y. Penal Law § 120.45 (stalking); N.Y. Civ. Rights Law § 52-c (monitoring notice)
New York's stalking statute covers unauthorized GPS tracking of a person's movements. Separately, New York requires employers to give written notice of electronic monitoring to employees.
Fleet owner takeaway: Give employees written notice. Track company vehicles for business use.
North Carolina NC
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-196.3
North Carolina makes it unlawful to install or use an electronic tracking device to track a person without consent, with an exception that lets employers track company-owned vehicles.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for employee-owned vehicles.
North Dakota ND
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-17-07.1 (stalking)
North Dakota includes unauthorized GPS tracking that would frighten or harass a person within its stalking statute. Tracking company vehicles for legitimate business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Consent is required for vehicles you do not own.
Ohio OH
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General menacing-by-stalking statute (Ohio Rev. Code § 2903.211)
Ohio has no statute specifically governing GPS tracking and relies on general privacy and stalking law. Tracking company vehicles for business is permitted, and notifying employees is the safe practice.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Notify drivers and get consent for personal vehicles.
Oklahoma OK
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Okla. Stat. tit. 21 § 1173 (stalking)
Oklahoma's stalking statute covers tracking a person's location with a GPS device without consent, with an express exception for motor-vehicle creditors and lawful business use. A company may track its own vehicles.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
Oregon OR
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Or. Rev. Stat. § 163.715
Oregon makes it a crime to affix a GPS device to a motor vehicle without the owner's consent, with exceptions for law enforcement and motor carriers. A company may track vehicles it owns.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for an employee's personal vehicle.
Pennsylvania PA
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5761
Pennsylvania prohibits installing or using a GPS tracking device without the owner's consent. A company may track vehicles it owns, and informing drivers of tracking on company vehicles is recommended.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent before tracking a vehicle you do not own.
Rhode Island RI
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: R.I. Gen. Laws § 11-69-1
Rhode Island makes it an offense to place or use an electronic tracking device in a motor vehicle without the consent of the operator and all occupants, with exceptions. Businesses may generally track their own or leased vehicles used by employees.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track owned or leased vehicles. Inform drivers of tracking.
South Carolina SC
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General surveillance / stalking law (S.C. Code § 16-3-1700)
South Carolina has no statute specifically governing employer GPS tracking; general surveillance and stalking law applies. Tracking company vehicles for business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Notify employees and get consent for other vehicles.
South Dakota SD
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General stalking statute (S.D. Codified Laws § 22-19A-1)
South Dakota has no statute specifically regulating private GPS tracking. Tracking company vehicles for legitimate business is permitted. Placing a device on a vehicle you do not own without consent may trigger stalking law.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
Tennessee TN
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-13-606
Tennessee makes it unlawful to install, conceal, or place a tracking device in a motor vehicle without consent, with exceptions that allow employers to track company-owned vehicles.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for an employee's personal vehicle.
Texas TX
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Tex. Penal Code § 16.06
Texas makes it an offense to install a tracking device on a motor vehicle without the owner's consent, which means a company may track vehicles it owns.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get the owner's consent for any vehicle you do not own.
Utah UT
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Utah Code § 76-9-408
Utah prohibits installing a tracking device on a motor vehicle owned or leased by another person without permission, so a company may track its own vehicles.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for an employee's personal vehicle.
Vermont VT
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General stalking statute (Vt. Stat. tit. 13 § 1062)
Vermont has no statute specifically addressing GPS tracking and relies on general privacy and stalking law. Tracking company vehicles for business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet. Consent is required for vehicles you do not own.
Virginia VA
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Va. Code § 18.2-60.5
Virginia prohibits using an electronic tracking device, through deceptive means, to track a person without consent, with an exception for a vehicle's registered owner and for employers tracking business use.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
Washington WA
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Wash. Rev. Code § 9A.90.130 / § 9A.46.110 (stalking)
Washington addresses tracking through its cyberstalking and stalking laws, which cover installing or monitoring a tracking device with intent to track a person where it would cause reasonable fear. Tracking company vehicles for business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Consent is required for vehicles you do not own.
West Virginia WV
No GPS-specific statute (general law applies)Primary statute: General stalking statute (W. Va. Code § 61-2-9a)
West Virginia has no statute specifically governing GPS tracking and relies on general privacy and stalking law. Tracking company vehicles for business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track your own fleet. Get consent for vehicles you do not own.
Wisconsin WI
Tracking-device statute (owner exception)Primary statute: Wis. Stat. § 940.315
Wisconsin makes it a misdemeanor to place a GPS device on a vehicle owned or leased by another person without consent, or to obtain location data from such a device. A company may track its own or leased vehicles.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track owned or leased vehicles. Get consent for others.
Wyoming WY
Covered by stalking / harassment lawPrimary statute: Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-506 (stalking)
Wyoming includes using a GPS or electronic device to place a person under surveillance without authorization within its stalking statute. Tracking company vehicles for legitimate business is permitted.
Fleet owner takeaway: Track company vehicles. Consent is required for vehicles you do not own.
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